Which of the following terms indicates legal responsibility for damages caused?

The term that indicates legal responsibility for damages caused is civil liability. This concept refers to the obligation of an individual or organization to compensate another party for harm or loss that has resulted from their actions or failure to act. Civil liability is typically established in civil law, as opposed to criminal law, where the state prosecutes an individual for wrongdoing.

In cases of civil liability, the affected party can seek damages through a lawsuit to recover financial compensation or other forms of restitution. This responsibility arises not only from negligence—where a party fails to meet a reasonable standard of care—but also from intentional acts that lead to harm. Thus, while negligence and intentional infliction involve specific scenarios that can lead to civil liability, the term itself encompasses a broader scope of legal responsibility. Understanding civil liability is crucial for those in fields or situations where accountability for actions is necessary.