Which of the following would be an example of civil liability?

Civil liability refers to the responsibility of an individual or organization to compensate another for harm caused by their actions or negligence, typically through a civil lawsuit rather than a criminal prosecution. The requirement for a person to pay for damages in a lawsuit is a clear example of civil liability, as it demonstrates the legal obligation to make restitution or compensation for the injury or loss sustained by another party.

In this context, the other situations do not fit the definition of civil liability. Criminal convictions, such as a person being sent to jail or a government official being indicted, pertain to criminal liability, where the state imposes penalties for violating laws. Likewise, businesses being fined for regulatory breaches may involve administrative or regulatory penalties rather than civil liability in the traditional sense of compensating an injured party. Thus, option C effectively encapsulates the essence of civil liability by highlighting the mechanism of compensating for damages incurred.